抽象名词 + appositive clause：Noun + that / whether / why / how / when / where + 完整句子
PTE 高频程度
High
AI 学习推荐
Core Grammar
适用考试
PTE / IELTS
语法结构
Grammar Structure
结构公式
抽象名词 + appositive clause：Noun + that / whether / why / how / when / where + 完整句子
同位语从句通常位于一个抽象名词之后，对该名词的内容进行具体解释。例如在 the fact that climate change is accelerating 中，that climate change is accelerating 不是修饰 fact 的特征，而是直接说明“事实”的具体内容。与定语从句不同，同位语从句中的 that 不在从句中充当主语、宾语或状语；而定语从句中的 that / which / who 通常在从句中充当句子成分。学术英语中，同位语从句常与表示观点、证据、结论、问题、可能性、决定和假设的名词搭配，用于构建更加严谨的论证句。
The fact that many students struggle with time management is widely recognised.
许多学生在时间管理方面存在困难这一事实已被广泛认可。
There is growing evidence that regular exercise improves cognitive performance.
越来越多的证据表明，规律运动能提高认知表现。
The question whether online education can replace traditional classrooms remains controversial.
在线教育是否能取代传统课堂这一问题仍然具有争议。
Researchers have reached the conclusion that early intervention is essential.
❌ The evidence that supports the theory is convincing. 误认为这是同位语从句。
Correct
✅ The evidence that the theory is valid is convincing.
The evidence that supports the theory 中的 that 在从句中作主语，属于定语从句，意思是“支持该理论的证据”。The evidence that the theory is valid 才是同位语从句，意思是“该理论有效这一证据”。
Incorrect
❌ I agree the claim that university should free.
Correct
✅ I agree with the claim that university education should be free.
agree with the claim 是固定搭配；同位语从句内部也必须是完整、语法正确的句子。university education should be free 表达完整，而 university should free 缺少正确的形容词或被动结构。
学术表达
Academic Patterns
There is evidence that + clause.
有证据表明……
The fact that + clause + suggests that + clause.
……这一事实表明……
The assumption that + clause + is problematic.
……这一假设是有问题的。
The claim that + clause + is supported by evidence.
……这一说法得到了证据支持。
The possibility that + clause + cannot be dismissed.
……这一可能性不能被排除。
The conclusion that + clause + is based on recent findings.
……这一结论基于近期发现。
The belief that + clause + has been challenged.
……这一看法受到了质疑。
The question whether + clause + remains controversial.
是否……这一问题仍然存在争议。
The issue of whether + clause + requires further discussion.
是否……这一问题需要进一步讨论。
The argument that + clause + overlooks + noun phrase.
……这一论点忽视了……
PTE 高频应用
PTE Usage
同位语从句在 PTE Academic 中出现频率较高，尤其常见于 Reading & Writing: Fill in the Blanks、Re-order Paragraphs、Summarize Written Text、Write Essay、Listening: Summarize Spoken Text 和 Highlight Incorrect Words。PTE 学术文本经常使用 the fact that, the idea that, evidence that, the possibility that, the assumption that 等结构来表达观点和研究发现。考生需要识别同位语从句的边界，判断 that 是否只是连接词，并在写作中用它来压缩信息、提升句子复杂度和学术性。
Reading & Writing: Fill in the Blanks
Re-order Paragraphs
Summarize Written Text
Write Essay
Listening: Summarize Spoken Text
Highlight Incorrect Words
高频搭配
Common Collocations
the fact that
……这一事实
the idea that
……这一想法
the belief that
……这一信念；……这一看法
the claim that
……这一说法；……这一主张
the evidence that
……这一证据
the possibility that
……这一可能性
the assumption that
……这一假设
the conclusion that
……这一结论
the argument that
……这一论点
the question whether
是否……这一问题
the issue whether
是否……这一议题
the decision that
……这一决定
AI 学习建议
AI Learning Tips
判断同位语从句时，先看前面的名词是否是抽象名词，再看后面的从句是否在解释这个名词的具体内容。
在 PTE 和 IELTS 写作中，优先使用 the fact that, evidence that, the claim that, the possibility that 这类高频学术结构。
不要把所有 noun + that 都判断为同位语从句；如果 that 在从句中作主语或宾语，它更可能是定语从句。
同位语从句内部必须使用陈述语序，不能使用疑问句语序。
正式写作中尽量不要省略引导同位语从句的 that，因为保留 that 可以增强句子结构的清晰度。
AI 练习题
Practice Questions
判断下列句子中的 that 从句是否为同位语从句：The news that the government will increase education funding surprised many parents.
答案：是同位语从句。that the government will increase education funding 解释 news 的具体内容，即“政府将增加教育经费”这一消息。
改错：The belief which hard work always leads to success is common.
答案：正确句子：The belief that hard work always leads to success is common. 这里从句解释 belief 的内容，应使用 that 引导同位语从句。
用同位语从句翻译：越来越多的证据表明，睡眠不足会影响学习效率。
答案：There is growing evidence that lack of sleep affects learning efficiency.
选择正确答案：The question ___ artificial intelligence will replace human workers remains debated. A. that B. whether C. which
